Endline data collection for Tanzania Rural Water Maintenance Impact Evaluation

The World Bank

Tanzania 🇹🇿

Assignment Description

As part of a partnership with the Government of Tanzania and the UK FCDO around the impact evaluation of the Maji Endelevu intervention, The World Banks Development Impact Evaluation (DIME) department is seeking to collect primary data on (i) community management organizations in charge of water issues in villages of rural Tanzania and (ii) water points used by communities in the same villages. This will form the endline round of the impact evaluation of the Maji Endelevu intervention.

Background about the World Bank’s DIME
DIME is a broad-based and decentralized effort to mainstream the use of Impact Evaluation (IE) and promote evidence-based policy. DIME carries out IEs to test innovations and find solutions to make policy work. A bridge between research and development operations, DIME provides a substantial knowledge contribution by generating high-quality evidence across a set of strategic development areas on what policies and interventions work and are worth scaling up. ieGovern is a program in DIME that supports a growing impact evaluation portfolio of over 20 active IEs run by the Bank and the IFC covering work in civil service reform, procurement, taxation, justice and decentralization. The program builds on a strong collaboration between DIME, the Governance Practice of the World Bank, all Bank regions and the UKs Foreign, Commonwealth, and Development Office, and continues to support a concerted Bank-wide effort to improve and increase impact evaluation work in the governance sector.

Background about PbR & Maji Endelevu
In 2015 it was estimated that over 40% of Tanzanias rural water points were not functional. 25% of all points would break down within two years of construction. This implies that increased maintenance could help nearly 7.5 million people, or 30% of Tanzanias rural population, gain improved access to water. However, investment efforts often serve to finance new infrastructure rather than operations and maintenance of existing infrastructure.
A Payment-By-Results (PbR) financing scheme supported by the Government of Tanzania and FCDO has provided targeted financial incentives to Local Government Authorities (LGAs) to expand rural water access in eligible districts. The objective of the PbR is to increase the availability and sustainability of functional rural water points and shift the emphasis towards long-term sustainability. This involves output-based incentives whose aim is to strengthen focus on maintaining existing water points (and rehabilitating old ones), rather than focusing only on the construction of new water points to increase coverage.
Within the context of the partnership around the performance evaluation of PbR, The World Bank has been conducting an impact evaluation of Maji Endelevu, a complementary intervention. The goal of the complementary intervention is two-fold. First, it aims to augment the projects impact by addressing possible challenges. Second, the complementary interventions impact will be evaluated through rigorous econometric methods, thereby providing the Government of Tanzania and FCDO with nuanced and actionable findings on how to increase rural water sustainability. The intervention has been carried out in 156 villages of mainland Tanzania, with a further 183villages randomly assigned to serve as a control group for comparison.

Scope of Work
The endline collection assignment consists of three main Components, described below: survey of community management organizations (CMO), and mapping of water points, and village executive officer survey.

Component 1: Community Management Organization Survey
The Community Management Organization survey will be conducted in 40 districts of mainland Tanzania. The sample comprises of approximately eight villages per LGA, with a total of 339 villages. The sample of districts and villages will be provided by the World Bank to the implementing partner. Since the village samples have been randomly selected, the survey firm should expect that villages be geographically distributed across each district.

Component 2: Water-Point Mapping
In each sampled village, the functionality of all water points will be surveyed in order to contextualize the data received through component 1. That is a total of about 4,000 distribution points across rural mainland Tanzania. This is expected to take around 15 minutes per water point, including travel time. Modules will include: GPS and Administration; Type of Structure; Flow at the time of checking; Flow Regularity; Quality; User Satisfaction.
The water mapping activity will involve the following key set of tasks, among others:
Enumerators will inform the village leadership and the respondent from the community management organization about the fact that as part of the endline data collection activities the team will survey all water points used by the community residing in that village.
Guided by the respondent from the community management organization, enumerators will visit all improved water point for the mapping and testing exercise using recommended tools.

Component 3: Village Executive Officer survey
In each sample village, the survey firm will implement a short survey involving the Village Executive Officer as participant, in which they will ask questions about the village governments investments and funding, visits from actors outside the village, and trust and satisfaction in government entities. The survey is expected to last about 25 minutes and will involved 339 respondents.


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