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Maternal risk factors in offspring with congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract in Asian women

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Abstract

Background

Congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) are the primary cause of pediatric chronic kidney disease. Maternal body mass index (BMI) before pregnancy, pregestational diabetic mellitus (DM), and gestational diabetic mellitus (GDM) are potential modifiable risk factors for CAKUT in offspring.

Methods

In this case control study, 4619 neonates were enrolled during 2012–2020 from Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital in Taiwan. Maternal risk factors before and during pregnancy were compared in children with and without CAKUT. The yearly incidence of CAKUT in offspring and maternal overweight were recorded.

Results

In total, 73 (1.6%) cases of CAKUT in offspring were identified. Maternal overweight before pregnancy (BMI ≥ 24 kg/m2) was an independent risk factor for CAKUT in offspring. No associations of pregestational DM and GDM with CAKUT in offspring were observed. The incidence rates of CAKUT and maternal obesity have increased in the past 10 years.

Conclusions

Maternal obesity before pregnancy is associated with CAKUT in offspring and should be addressed to ensure better outcomes.

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Data availability

The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

Code availability

Not applicable.

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Acknowledgements

The authors express their gratitude to the Department of Medical Education and Research and Research Center of Medical Informatics in Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital for assistance with respect to inquiries and data processing.

Funding

This study had no funding.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan

    Nai-Wen Fang, Yu-shan Huang & Yee-Hsuan Chiou

  2. Department of Pediatrics, Pingtung Veterans General Hospital, Pingtung, Taiwan

    Nai-Wen Fang

  3. Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan

    Chun-Hao Yin

  4. Department of Administration, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan

    Jin-Shuen Chen

  5. School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan

    Jin-Shuen Chen

  6. Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan

    Yee-Hsuan Chiou

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  1. Nai-Wen Fang
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  4. Jin-Shuen Chen
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  5. Yee-Hsuan Chiou
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Contributions

NWF proposed the idea of the project, and conducted the literature review. All the authors contributed to the study design. NWF, CHY, and YSH collected and analyzed data. NWF wrote the draft manuscript. JSC and YHC critically reviewed the manuscript and were involved in writing the final manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. NWF and YHC take responsibility for the article.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Yee-Hsuan Chiou.

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Ethics approval

The study was approved by KSVGH institutional review board (KSVGH20-CT-16).

Conflict of interest

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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Fang, NW., Huang, Ys., Yin, CH. et al. Maternal risk factors in offspring with congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract in Asian women. Pediatr Nephrol 38, 3065–3070 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00467-023-05954-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00467-023-05954-6

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