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    Profile name:
    Cindy Leiton's biosketch
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    Old NIH BioSketch NIH Biographical Sketch Instructions (PDF)
    Last Updated:
    18 January 2018
    OMB No. 0925-0001 and 0925-0002 (Rev. 10/2021 Approved Through 01/31/2026)
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    EDUCATION/TRAINING

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    A. Personal Statement

    My goal as a cellular & molecular biologist is to uncover actionable therapeutic strategies through discovery of molecular targets for the treatment of Gastrointestinal (GI) and central nervous system (CNS) diseases to improve disease outcomes. During my doctoral work, I described a mechanism through which CNS glial cells, known oligodendrocyte progenitor cells, respond to the extracellular matrix protein laminin to promote proliferation through inducing metalloprotease mediated cleavage of its receptor, dystroglycan. I was the first to develop and established protocols to study metalloproteases in the lab.

    To continue training in molecular mechanisms of disease in addition to pedagogical training, I was awarded a postdoctoral fellowship through the Alliance for Graduate Education in the Professoriate-Transformation (AGEP-T) program at Stony Brook University, funded by the National Science Foundation. In the lab of Dr. Thomas Floyd, I described how a group of glial cells known as astrocytes respond to mild-moderate hypoxic stress in vitro and in vivo through molecular mechanisms that involve hypoxic response systems and metabolic adaptation to maintain homeostatic functions that impact cognitive processes such as memory (Leiton et al., in review). I was among a selected group of investigators accepted into an NIH-sponsored Metabolomics training workshop at the University of Alabama, and through this training, I developed protocols to study metabolomic flux in our model systems. I also had the opportunity to train and teach students ranging from high school to medical school, through experimental design, execution, analysis, and interpretation in our laboratory, leading them to present their work at local and national competitions and conferences.

    With a strong interest in translational research, I am currently continuing my postdoctoral training in the lab of Dr. Kenneth Shroyer in the department of Pathology at Stony Brook University, where my goal is to uncover molecular mechanisms of how a prognostic biomarker that our laboratory discovered, Keratin 17, drives pancreatic cancer aggression. Building on our lab’s previous discovery that this intermediate filament protein can solubilize and translocate to the nucleus, we have discovered that it can also target tumor suppressor proteins and regulate transcription, two major mechanisms that may change cellular behaviors and drive tumor aggression. We are exploring strategies for therapeutic targeting that may additionally synergistically result in sensitivity to existing chemotherapeutics. In addition to establishing pancreatic cancer models, continuing to teach and train students, I have most recently initiated grantsmanship training under the mentorship of my research advisor and study collaborators.

    B. Positions and Honors

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    Honors

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    C. Contribution to Science

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    As a summer research student in the laboratory of Dr. Holly Colognato, I performed several preliminary studies using a phosphatase inhibitor named dephostatin to understand the role of shp-1 and shp-2 in the differentiation of the myelinating cells of the central nervous system, the oligodendrocytes. The results led us to dive deeper into the signaling mechanisms of non-receptor tyrosine kinase signaling in oligodendroglia where it was later found that these phosphatases have opposing roles during oligodendrocyte differentiation.

    Citations

    1. Kuo E, Park DK, Tzvetanova ID, Leiton CV, Cho BS, Colognato H. Tyrosine phosphatases Shp1 and Shp2 have unique and opposing roles in oligodendrocyte development. J Neurochem. 2010 Apr;113(1):200-12. PubMed Central ID: PMC2907087.
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    During my doctoral work in the laboratory of Dr. Holly Colognato, I led 2 projects in which I explored the role of Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMPs) in oligodendrocyte maturation in the developing murine brain. We discovered a signaling mechanism induced by MMPs that regulates the proliferative capacity of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs). The generation of sufficient numbers of OPCs is important in ensuring that enough oligodendrocytes will be available to mature and myelinate, and therefore, this work has opened-up questions about the biochemical processes that control MMP-mediated signaling cascades in oligodendrocyte biology. This manuscript has been recently submitted for review to the Journal of Neurochemistry.

    Citations

    1. Leiton CV, Aranmolate A, Eyermann C, Menezes MJ, Escobar-Hoyos LF, Husain S, Winder SJ, Colognato H. Laminin promotes metalloproteinase-mediated dystroglycan processing to regulate oligodendrocyte progenitor cell proliferation. J Neurochem. 2015 Nov;135(3):522-38. PubMed ID: 26171643.
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    Given that Dr. Colognato’s lab is focuses on understanding the role of extracellular matrix proteins on glial biology, I contributed to the study of the absence of laminin in the parenchymal basement membrane of astrocytes at the blood brain barrier (BBB) where I assisted in the assessment of the expression of markers indicative of BBB development.

    Citations

    1. Menezes MJ, McClenahan FK, Leiton CV, Aranmolate A, Shan X, Colognato H. The extracellular matrix protein laminin α2 regulates the maturation and function of the blood-brain barrier. J Neurosci. 2014 Nov 12;34(46):15260-80. PubMed Central ID: PMC6608454.
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    I contributed to a review where our goal was to describe what is known about the relationship between oligodendrocytes, white matter and behavior. We proposed that while often underestimated, glial cells such as oligodendrocytes can and should be thought of as major contributors to normal brain function, and we point out that the mechanisms behind their relationship to behavior are still incompletely understood.

    Citations

    1. Tomlinson L, Leiton CV, Colognato H. Behavioral experiences as drivers of oligodendrocyte lineage dynamics and myelin plasticity. Neuropharmacology. 2016 Nov;110(Pt B):548-562. PubMed Central ID: PMC7863702.

    D. Additional Information: Research Support and/or Scholastic Performance

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