History has caught up with Gen. Robert E. Lee

The statue of Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee is lifted from its pedestal at Lee Circle as it is removed by a crane on Friday, May 19, 2017.

The New Orleans City Council Street Renaming Commission put forward its list of recommendations Tuesday night, suggesting new names for 37 streets and places that honor Confederate veterans and officials or politicians and organizations associated with segregation or the denial of civil rights to minorities.

All the recommendations, based on a report by a panel of experts, still have a long process before they would be put into effect. The City Council has the final say.

To read the full report, click here.

Here is the full list of proposed changes:

Current name

 

Recommended name


Lee Circle

Named for Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee. The pedestal at the center of the St. Charles Avenue traffic circle has stood empty since former Mayor Mitch Landrieu succeeded in removing the Lee statue in 2017.

 

Leah Chase Circle

Chase, who died last year, was a legendary Creole chef whose restaurant, Dooky Chase's, served as a meeting and organizing hall for civil rights advocates and Freedom Riders.


Robert E. Lee Boulevard

A thoroughfare in the Lakeview and Fillmore areas also bears the name of the Confederate general.

 

Allen Toussaint Boulevard

Toussaint, who died in 2015, was a famed songwriter, producer and musician credited with helping to shape the sound of modern New Orleans music and as an influence on and supporter of other musicians.


Walker Street

Gen. John George Walker led Confederate troops in Louisiana and Arkansas. The street is one of four named after Confederate military leaders near City Park.

 
 

Jasper Street

For the four streets named for Confederate military leaders near City Park, the commission's advisers recommended renaming all of them after individuals who fit a common theme. The commission opted for people who had escaped enslavement in New Orleans.

History did not record much about the personal lives of the four individuals, even their surnames. Historians say it is likely they hid in the areas around the streets where they will be honored after fleeing their captivity. The area was swampland at the time.

Jasper escaped from William Martin, who lived near the New Basin Canal, in the late 1850s. It's thought that after the Civil War, he became a tanner and lived in the 6th Ward.

 

Mouton Street

Gen. Alfred Mouton, son of a Louisiana governor, was an engineer and sugar planter before joining the Confederate war effort. Mouton Street is another of the four streets named after Confederate military leaders near City Park.

 

Margaret Elizabeth Street

Margaret Elizabeth is another person who escaped her enslavement in New Orleans in the mid-1800s. No records about her survive other than that she was able to flee from the man who owned her, John Hersey, in 1861. Hersey lived just east of what is now City Park.


Lane Street

Confederate Gen. James Henry Lane fought in the Battle of Gettysburg. Lane Street is another of the four streets named after Confederate military leaders near City Park. 

 

Georges Street

Georges escaped from the estate of John McDonough, which included portions of what is now City Park, in 1855. Historians know little about Georges' life after enslavement but suspect he worked with his wife, Marthey, and their children on a farm near Gentilly Road.


Bragg Street

Gen. Braxton Bragg trained soldiers on the Gulf Coast for the Confederate army. Bragg Street is another of the four streets named after Confederate military leaders near City Park.

 

Celestin Street

Celestin fled from James Meekave, who owned him, in the late 1850s, gaining his freedom after what historians think were previous, unsuccessful attempts.


Dreux Avenue

The Gentilly street is named for Charles Didlier Dreux, the first Confederate officer killed in the Civil War.

 

Frances Joseph-Gaudet Avenue

Joseph-Gaudet, a prison reform advocate and Episcopal missionary who died in 1934, founded the Gaudet Normal and Industrial School of Black Youth, an orphanage and boarding school on Old Gentilly Road, out of a belief that education was the key to ending youth incarceration. She was canonized by the Episcopal Church in 2007.


Gen. Early Drive

The Gentilly Woods street is named for Confederate Gen. Jubal Early, who fought in several key Civil War battles, including Bull Run, Antietam and Fredericksburg.

 

Dent Drive

This street would be renamed for Dillard University administrator Albert Dent, musician Ernestine Jessie Covington Dent and their son, the writer Thomas Covington Dent.

Albert Dent, who died in 1984, was the first superintendent of Dillard University's Flint-Goodridge teaching hospital, at the time the only New Orleans medical center that would permit black nurses and doctors to practice. He was the second president of Dillard.

Ernestine Dent, who died in 2001, was a pianist and violinist who obtained a master's degree in piano from the Oberlin Conservatory of Music in Ohio and was a fellow at the Julliard Musical Foundation in New York. She served as a board member of the New Orleans Philharmonic, where she worked to integrate concerts.

Thomas Dent, who died in 1998, a poet, writer and oral historian, was an active participant in the Black arts and civil rights movements. He led the Free Southern Theater and helped launch BLKARTSOUTH. He spent the early 1990s collecting oral histories of the Civil Rights movement.


Gen. Ogden Street

This street in the Leonidas and Hollygrove sections honors Frederick Nash Ogden, who led Louisiana's 9th Calvary and fought in the Battle of Vicksburg. After the Civil War, he organized the Crescent City White League, a white supremacist group, and became its first president.

 

Herman Midlo Street

Midlo, who died in 1978, was a civil rights lawyer active in labor issues and in desegregation.


Forshey Street

The street in Hollygrove and Gert Town takes its name from Caleb Goldsmith Forshey, who worked with the Confederate Engineering Corps and helped fortify gunboats. He also built the Carrollton Gauge, which is used to measure the height of the Mississippi River in New Orleans.

 

Buddy Bolden Street

Bolden was a cornetist who is widely regarded as one of the fathers of jazz.


Leonidas Street

Leonidas Polk was the first Episcopal bishop of Louisiana and a major general in the Confederate Army. The street is in the Leonidas and Hollygrove sections.

 

Mahalia Jackson Street

Jackson was a singer known as the Queen of Gospel and a figure in the civil rights movement. She performed at numerous historic events, including the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom, President John F. Kennedy's inauguration and Martin Luther King Jr.'s funeral


Calhoun Street

Though John C. Calhoun died a decade before the Civil War, his support for slavery as a senator from South Carolina influenced the secession movement. The street is in Uptown.

 

Father Louis J. Twomey Street

Twomey, who died in 1969, was a Jesuit brother and social justice organizer who pushed for racial equality and workers rights while an official at Loyola University. Among his accomplishments was publishing an influential monthly newsletter that wedded Catholic theology with calls for racial justice and founding the university's Institute of Industrial Relations, now known as the Twomey Center for Peace Through Justice.


General Taylor Street

Gen. Richard Taylor, son of President Zachary Taylor, was a prominent plantation owner who led Confederate troops in skirmishes in Louisiana. The street is in Uptown.

 

Professor Longhair Street 

Henry Roeland Byrd, who died in 1980, was better known as Professor Longhair, a pianist who inspired generations of R&B and funk artists and is credited with helping revive interest in New Orleans culture in the 1970s.


Palmer Avenue

The Uptown street pays homage to Presbyterian pastor Benjamin Palmer, who is said to have helped Louisiana leaders to secede from the Union and join the Confederacy.

 

Edith Stern Avenue

Stern, who died in 1980, was a philanthropist focused on civil rights and education. She founded the Stern Family Fund to improve Black education, advocated for Black voting rights, founded the Newcomb School for Preschoolers and helped raise money for Metairie Park Country Day School.


Sophie B. Wright Place

Wright was a well-known educator and advocate for poor and sick people, as well as a member of the Daughters of the Confederacy, which promoted a positive view of the Confederacy and supported many of the monuments to its figures throughout the south. The street is in the Lower Garden District.

 

John "Jack" Nelson Place

Nelson, who died in 2006, was a civil rights lawyer who worked on a range of important cases, including a lawsuit to integrate Tulane University. Nelson also was a founding member of the Save Our Schools movement, which resisted anti-integration efforts to close schools.


Palmer Park

Also named for pastor Benjamin Palmer.

 

Judge John Minor Wisdom Park

Wisdom, who died in 1999, was a judge on the 5th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals and helped decide several crucial civil rights cases in the 1950s and 1960s to advance the rights of Black residents. 


Tulane Avenue

Paul Tulane donated the money that converted the public University of Louisiana into the private Tulane University, and was a major donor to the Confederate government. He also donated significant amounts of money to erecting Confederate monuments in Louisiana after the war. His name is on a Mid-City thoroughfare.

 

Allison "Tootie" Montana Avenue

Montana, who died in 2005, was chief of the Yellow Pocahontas tribe of Mardi Gras Indians. He is credited with turning that tradition away from violence and toward the artistic expression now seen in its members' suits.


Capdevielle Street

The one-block street in the Central Business District is named for Paul Capdevielle, a Confederate veteran who served as and mayor of New Orleans from 1900 to 1904.

 

 Judge Ivan L.R. Lemelle Street

Lemelle is the third Black jurist appointed to the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Louisiana. He is the only living person recommended in the current process for a street renaming.


Gov. Nicholls Street

Francis T. Nicholls was a brigadier general in the Confederate Army before his two terms as Louisiana's governor. The street runs through the French Quarter and Tremé.

 

Lolis Edward Elie Street

Elie, who died in 2017, was a civil rights attorney for the NAACP. He was active in desegregation efforts in New Orleans and the Freedom Rides across the South in the 1960s.


Lee Street

A roadway within Jackson Barracks named for the Confederate general.

 

Leontine Goins Luke Street

Luke, who died in 2001, was a leader in the civil rights movement and longtime president of the Ninth Ward Civic and Improvement League. A member of the executive board of the NAACP, she also worked on voter registration and helped file the lawsuit that would result in desegregation of Orleans Parish pubilc schools.


Beauregard Drive

Another street in Jackson Barracks, this one named after Confederate General P.G.T. Beauregard.

 

Doris Jean Castle Drive

Castle, who died in 1998, was an early member of the New Orleans chapter of the Congress of Racial Equality, a Freedom Rider and activist who fought against segregation and worked for social service and poverty eradication programs.


Slidell Street

The Algiers street honors John Slidell, the Confederacy's ambassador to France.

 

Henry James "Red" Allen Street

Allen, who died in 1967, was a jazz musician credited with significant influence on the genre.


Gen. Meyer Avenue

Adolph Meyer was a Confederate general who is credited with bringing the first naval yard to Algiers, where a thoroughfare is named for him.

 

Rudy Lombard Avenue

Lombard, who died in 2014, was an activist and organizer who participated in protests and economic boycotts of segregated businesses in New Orleans through the Consumers League of Greater New Orleans and the Congress of Racial Equality. That included the famous sit-in at McCrory's Five-and-Dime on Canal Street. Lombard also became an advocate for Black chefs in New Orleans and worked to ensure their contributions to the city's cuisine were recognized.


Semmes Street

The Algiers street is named for one of two brothers, Raphael or Thomas Jenkins Semmes. Raphael Semmes was captain of two Confederate ships, and Thomas Semmes served in the Confederate States Senate.

 

Veronica Hill Street

Hill was a founding member in 1937 of the American Federation of Teachers Local 527, a union of Black teachers created to challenge unequal pay.


Raphael Semmes Street

Another street, also in Algiers, named after Raphael Semmes.

 

Dolly Adams Street

Adams, who died in 1979, was an early influential female jazz pianist.


Beauregard Avenue

Another street named after the Confederate general. Ths one runs along Bayou St. John.

 

Sherwood "Woody" Gagliano Avenue

Gagliano who died July 17, was a pioneering coastal scientist who documented the erosion of the wetlands and the harmful of effectives of construction in the wetlands, and pushed for projects to arrest the decline of the coast.


Behrman Place

Martin Behrman was New Orleans' longest-serving mayor and a member of the Regular Democratic Organization, which sought the end of Reconstruction and, after it was over, promoted segregation and restrictions aimed at preventing Black residents from voting around the turn of the 20th Century. An Algiers thoroughfare is named for him.

 

P.B.S. Pinchback Place

Pinchback was the first Black governor in U.S. history, serving while Louisiana Gov. Henry Clay Warmoth was facing impeachment charges during Reconstruction.


Behrman Avenue

Another Algiers roadway named after Martin Behrman.

 

Rodolphe Desdunes Avenue

Desdunes was one of the founders of the Comite Des Citoyens, a civil rights organization that fought segregation through a variety of legal challenges including the Plessy v. Ferguson that went to the U.S. Supreme Court. Earlier in his life, he fought against the White League as a militiaman during the Battle of Liberty Place.


Behrman Park

An Algiers park named after Martin Behrman.

 

Morris F.X. Jeff Sr. Park

Jeff, who died in 1993, was one of the people responsible for the creation of the New Orleans Recreation Department and the first head of its Colored Division. He spent his career working to create recreation opportunities for Black and disadvantaged youths.


Behrman Highway

Another Algiers roadway named after Martin Behrman

 

Elenora Peete Highway

Peete, who died in 1962, was the founder and leader of the Black- and female-led Domestic Workers Union, which eventually grew to 1,000 members.


Wiltz Lane

Louis A. Wiltz, whose name is on an Algiers street, served as captain in the Confederate Army. After the war, he was elected mayor of New Orleans and worked with the White League in its attempt to overthrow the state government. He later served as governor.

 

Louis A. Martinet Lane

Martinet was a lawyer, state legislator, newspaper publisher and member of the Comite des Citoyens and is credited with being one of the first to come up with legal strategies that would prove crucial to advancing the Civil Rights movement.


Burke Road/Burke Avenue

Edward A. Burke was an officer in the Confederate Army. Later, as railroad commissioner in New Orleans, he helped the White League by delaying the arrival of federal troops. The road named for him is in the Little Woods section.

 

Juan San Malo Road

San Malo led a group of Africans who had escaped captivity in the 18th Century and fled to the swamps of what is now New Orleans East. San Malo was captured by the Sparish authorities that controlled Louisiana at the time and executed in what is now Jackson Square.


McShane Place

Andrew James McShane, as mayor of New Orleans in the 1920s, signed an ordinance forbidding Black people to live in White communities and visa versa. The street named for him is in the 7th Ward.

 

Joseph Guillaume Place

Guillaume sparked citywide protests in 1867 against the segregated streetcar system after snatching control of a mule-drawn, Whites-only streetcar - near McShane Place - and leading police on a chase before his arrest. The ensuing protests saw Black residents boarding and commandering White streetcars and led to skirmishes across the city, prompting the integration of the streetcar system until the turn of the 20th century.


Penn Street

This one-block street in the Central Business District is named for Davidson Bradfute Penn, a prominent businessman who served as a colonel in the Louisiana Infantry during the Civil War. After the war, he was an opponent of Reconstruction and a key member of the White League.

 

Dr. Sara Mayo Street

Mayo established the New Orleans Hospital and Dispensary for Women and Children in 1905 along with a half-dozen other female physicians. It served disadvantaged patients regardless of race.


Patton Street

Isaac W. Patton was a plantation owner who fought for the Confederacy and participated in the attempted coup by the White League. He later was mayor of New Orleans. His name is on an Uptown street.

 

Nils R. Douglas Street

Nils R. Douglas, who died in 2003, was a civil rights lawyer and politician who represented the Congress of Racial Equality in a sit-in campaign, provided legal counsel to the Consumers' League and was one of the founding members of the Southern Organization for Unified Leadership, or SOUL.


Comus Court

A one-block street in the St. Roch area, it is named for the city's oldest Mardi Gras organization, which stopped parading after the passage of an ordinance mandating the integration of parade organizations.

 

Julia Aaron Humble Court

Humble, who died in 2016, was a civil rights activist who was arrested more than 30 times in protests against segregation.


Vignaud Street

Henry Vignaud was captain in the Confederate Army and later served as a diplomat in France seeking financial and military support for the Confederacy. His name is on a one-block street near the Fair Grounds.

 

Dyan French"Mama D" Cole Street

Cole was a fiery activist who was the first woman to become president of the New Orleans chapter of the NAACP. She had a reputation as an aggressive critic of public officials and an important community organizer in New Orleans.


Research by New Orleans area university historians and The Times-Picayune | The New Orleans Advocate staff.